Multicolor screen and support for films and plates



May 22, 1928. 1,670,671

, J. E. THORNTON MULTICOLOR SCREEN A'ND SUPPORT FOR FILMS AND PLATES Filed March 24, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Flgi. S S l Fig Four a/al' Foura 1o/ar Hed 0 Orange. H80/ V" Va/.ef 523/35 G, Green Greg BG= Blz/e ree/I 37de -Rv pecl wa/ef Hed 0 ord/19e,

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J.E. THORNTON MULTICOLOR SCREEN AND SUPPORT FOR FLMS AND PLATES 2 Sheets-Sheet yFiled. March 24, 1926 F6reen.

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o o @wo Patented May 22, 192.8.

UNITED STATE JOHN EDWARD THORNTON, F WEST HAMPSTEAE LONDON, ENGLAND.`

MULTIGOLQR SCREEN AND SUPPORT FORFILMS AND PLATES.

Application tiled `lllarch 24, 1926, Serial No. 97,137, and in Great Britain March 81, 1925.

This invention relates to the manufacture of multi-color screens and film-material for the production of negatives of the multicolor screen type, and is applicable to thin flexible films for rollm camera-cartridges and film-packs, also for thick stiff iiat lms, rigid glass plates, and for continuous kinematograph lilm. y

It provides an improved method of constructing and manufacturing the color-screen attached to the transparent support, upon which screen the sensitive panchromatic gelatino-silver-bromi'de emulsion is eventually superimposed.

1t erto such screens have been very expensive to produce, but the present inven- A'tion provides a simpler, more reliable, and cheaper method of manufacturethan the methods hitherto known and used.

Precious met/wals of color-screen manufacture.

One well-known system at present in use comprises a screen formed of starchsgrains, dyed in lots of three different colors, then mixed and scattered upon a sticky plate, the transparent gaps between the colored grains afterwards beingiilled With black. In other variations of this system other materials are used for the colored grains.

here are numerous other methods'of preparing colored screens, but they are generally upon one principle, diiering only in details or methods of printing, the principle consisting in printing by photographic or by .mechanical methods, dots, lines, mosaic or other patterns upon a colloid layer or layers attached .to the support, or in dyeing thesupport or the colloidl layer to the desiredV pattern by several operations. yIn all these methods lof forming a three-color screen the diiliculty is to secure correct registration of the color-elements and to avoid overlapping; and to thus ensure filling of the entire surface with colors presents great complexity in the manufacturing processes, and entails the need for much expensive skilled labour, and involves considerable wastage to obtain a comparatively small output. f

The present invention.

Thepresent invention lobviates all these objections by formin the screen in two parts, upon two veryt in supports, and then superimposing and cementing the two parts th A avoid mistakes later,

together to form a single film-base or support. Each part is easy to manufacture because no registration is required, and two such parts, each containing different colors, form when cemented together a single com pound-support ready to be coated with a sensitized llayer of emulsion upon onevof the outer-surfaces.

e supports upon which the screens are mayl be of any suitable material. For'iiexible films such as used in roll-film cameras, iilm-packs, kinemato ratus and the like, the two thin iilms are of celluloid, cellulose-acetate, or similar transparentwater-proof material of slightly less than half standard thickness, so that when cemented together they will be approximately the usual standard thickness.

For convenience of manufacture, and to it is preferred to form both parts of side upon a double-width strip of film su port, or several such double strips may ge formed upon a wide web which is eventually divided into double strips after finishing.

The designs forming the screens can be produced by various vwell-known printing or coloring processes and no claim is made per se to any such process.

ient pattern comprises a series of fine lines running longitudinally of one thin film and transversely of the other thin film. Another design comprises lines runnin diagonally upon each thin film, or diagona ly upon one Yand longitudinally or transversely upon the hers. The object in both arrangements is to produce a crossing of the lines when the two thin iilms are cemented together. The object is to have a design that'avoids necessity for any registration of the printing or Having produced upon each thin film a/ design or part of a design which constitutes part of a screen, the next step consists in applying an adhesive of known description to e two printed sections, then superimposing the same lter-screen sideby.

kinematograph lilms one conveni vside of the film may them printed-face to printed-face. Upon the application of heat and pressure the two sections become indissolubly united and form a single support containing the colored screen within its interior. If desired the two parts may be united back-to-back, or backto-face, but-, as this separates the two parts of the screen to a greater degree it is not preferred.

The next step is (which now becomes base) with the usual adhesive substratum upon one side and follow by superimposing thereon the usual layer of panchromatic gelatino-silver-bromide or other emulsion.

In order to ensure that the finished film will lie flat during development the reverse be also coated with the adhesive substratum and then with a layer of plain gelatine, generally termed the noncurling layer. In applying to coat the screen-film the film support or the invention to the manufacture of rigid glass plates, or to films formed of very thick Celluloid, it is not advisable to use two-such thick supports, as in the single plate or film thus formed the sensitive emulsion would be separated from its color-screen b too great a thickness. erefore overcome by one of the screens being formed directly upon the thick plate or film (or alternatively upon an exceedingly thin tissue or transfer applied and attached thereto), the second screen being formed upon an exceedingly lthin film-tissue or transfer applied and attached to the first, so that both are attached to the one support, and the adhesive substratum and emulsion are then applied on top of the combined screens attached to the one thick support. l

In order that the invention may be fully understood it is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 show two arrangements of four-color screens built up from two half-screens, Figs. 3 and 4 show two arrangements of three-color screens built up from two half-screens, Figs.

5 and 6 show further arrangements of multi.-

color screens built up from two half screens, Fig. 7 shows another arrangement of fourcolor screen built up from two half screens in which the lines run diagonally on each screen, Fig. 8 is another arrangement of four-color screen built up from two half screens in which the lines on one screen are diagonal and on the other screen are longitudinal or transverse. Fig. 9 is a perspectwe view of a strip of kinematograph film-support formed in accordance with the invention, Fig. 10 is a section of same, Fig. 11 is a section of a camera film with a non-curling gelatine layer on the back thereof, Fig. 12 is a section of a relative thick sup ort of non-fiexible or Vnon-rollable type suc as glassplates very thick Celluloid, Fig. 13

is a perspective view'of a strip of kinematograph film support formed in accordance with the invention in which the two films are united back to back and Fig. 14 is a perspective view of/ a strip of kinematograph lm support formed in. accordance with the invention in which the two half screens are united back to face. Y

The four-color screen shown in Fig. 1 is built up from two half-screens, one of which contains the complementary pair of colors red and blue-green, andthe other contains the 4complementary pair of colors yellow and violet, the colors in each pair being exactly complementary to each other; producing when the two half-screens are superimposed and cemented together, in a crossed position, a support and screen comprising the following colors :-Orange, blue-violet, green and red-violet.

The four-color screen' shown in Fig. 2 is built up from two half-screens, one of which contains the complementary pair of colors, red and green crossed by the complementary pair of colors, blue and yellow in the otherl half-screens producing a finished support andscreen comprising the following colors Violet, orange, yellow-green and blue-green. One arrangement of a three-color screen, built up from the half-screens is shown in Fig. 3, one half-screen contains red and yellow close tovether, and crossed by the other containing the single color blue separated by uncolored spaces; producing when the two half-screens are superimposed and cemented together with the blue4 crossing the red and lyellow a support and screen comprising the following colors :Red, yellow, violet and green.

A similar arrangement of a three-color screen built up from two half-screens is shown in Fig. 4; one half-screen contains red and yellow-green, crossed by the other containing the single color blue separated by uncolored spaces; producing a 'finished support and screen comprising Red, yellow-green, violet and blue-green.

In the three-color groups Figs. 3 and 4 the pair of colors are not exactly complementary, as is the case in the four-color groups.

Fig. 5 shows an arrangement `of a'multi- 6, one halfscreen and blue and is the following colors Wil nemesi crossed by the other half screen containing the colors yellow and violet separated by uncolored spaces; -thus producin a finished support and screen comprising-t e following colors z-Orange, green, violet-red, violetblue, red and blue.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 7 the screen is built' screens, one half screen contalning the colors red and blue and the other andviolet as in Fig. l but on each half screen are arranged diagonally.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 the screen is built up from two two-color half screens, one half screen containing the colors r red and blue and the other the colorsyellow and then a sensitive eandidth .gne half and violet as in Fig. 1, but

of one screen are arranged diagonally and on the other either vertically or trans- Figs. 9 and 10 show a kinematograph film produced according to the invention, being uilt up of two thin celluloid layers forming the support each bearin a half-screen the two thinlms, whic ports, bein screens insi e. supportof the flexible-nlm ty side of which is then coated iirst an adhesive substratum and then a sensitive layer of gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion.

, There is thus produced a flexible or rollable film of any size or width such as employed for roll-film cameras, for hlm-packs, or for kinematograph film-ribbons.

Fi 11 shows a similar film one face of whic is coated with an adhesive substratum layer of panchromatic gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion, and the other face with a layer of gelatine on the back, of the same thicknesses the emulsion lon the other face, thus forlniii la non-curling roll, cameras and film packs for such as a` non-- rollcamera film.

In Fig. 12 the invention is-'illustrated as applied to thicker supports of the ilion-lexi` ble or non-rollable description, such as vlass lates or very thick stid celluloid ms. the screen is formed upon such thick support, the other half being formed upon an extremel thin sup o rt of celluloid (as in Figs. 9 an 10) whic is cemented to the sti half of the support, with the screens inward. The :face of the celluloid is next coated with an `adhesive substratum and finally with a panchrometic emulsion as described with reference to Fi 9 and 10.

` screens being 4 shown in Figs.

ey may be united back to back as shown in Fig. 13 or back to face es Shown in Fig. 14.

The approximate Ftliichessf of the various layers of the vlm illustrated in Figs. 9 to 14 are as follows :-For the Elms- Each Celluloid layer 14010-6 inch thick.

Each screen layer nlm; inch thick. f Each cement layer 1-0-1-6 inch thick, these three layers duplicated forming a complete flexible support.

One substratum layer m inch thick.

4 One emulsion layer ro-U inch thick these latter being applied to lexible support. y.

Where va. non-curlin film is required the other face is provide `with:- i A substratum layer mw inch thick.

A gelatine layer mlb-G inch thick.

For thick rigid films the Celluloid is TAT inch thick and for glass lates, the glass is about 35 inch thick,

l. multi-colorfscreen and support two parts together thus forming a com ound screen upon a compound support which is capable of being subsequently sensitized in the usual manner. v

2.v A multi-'color-screen film for photo graphicand kinematograph pictures comprising two, half-screens and two supports (one for each `half-screen), the completed one of the outer -faces the o er layers remain' screen being formed by cementin Vthe two 'parts an adhesive substratum ap ,side of the compound support an layer applied to the substratum.

y3. A multi-color screen film for p graphic and kinematograph pictures prising two half-screens and two supports, (one for each screen), the completed screen being .formed by cementing the two parte, an adhesive substratum applied to one side of the compound support, an adhesive Substratuin applied to the ther side ofthe compound sup one adhesive substratum and a. non-sensitive 'vcolloid layer applied te the othersubstrutuxn on theot er side of the com und supportc 4. A multi-color screen piste forlphotographic purposes` comprising two half-4 ed one a sensltive GOED screens, a thin exible support for one half? screen, `a stiiV support for' the other helfe cementin the two 5 l hesive su stratum applied tothe fe of the thin sup ortand a sensitivelayer to the su stratum.

In testimony whereof I heve fhand. l

screen, the completed screen bei formed b pertstoge r, en

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